countries. France, Germany, and Italy have large pay-as-you-go pension systems and vulnerable labor markets. At the same time …

increased the early retirement age for women from 60 to 63 years. Based on a large administrative dataset, we use a regression … treated women who were exposed to low and to high job demand. For older women in demanding jobs, we also do not find … women required highlabor market attachment; thus, we argue that this eligibility rule induced a positive selection of …

increased the early retirement age for women from 60 to 63 years. Based on a large administrative dataset, we use a regression … treated women who were exposed to low and to high job demand. For older women in demanding jobs, we do not find substitution … effects into unemployment, partial retirement, disability pension, or inactivity. Eligibility for the pension for women …