This article uses a multi output production function to analyse economies of scope between patents and R&D in US research universities. It evaluates the tradeoffs and/or synergies that arise between traditional university research outputs (articles and doctorates) and academic patents. It also...

Advances in the genetic modification of agricultural seeds have allowed a range of new opportunities for manipulating seed traits according to production, market and environmental concerns. As seed varieties continue to become increasingly differentiated, preferences for specific seed traits may...

Using patent data, this work provides an initial empirical investigation into university production of agricultural biotechnology patents. We develop a consistent theoretical methodology for understanding the university patent production process and then estimate count data econometric models of...