services is related to household characteristics, bank ownership structure and the development of the financial infrastructure …. At the household level we find that the holding of a bank account or bank card increases with income, wealth and … integration. Our results show that foreign bank ownership is associated with more bank accounts among high-wealth, high …

reviews the debate about marketbased vs. bank-based financial systems. Using data for a sample of 40 countries over the period … economic growth, but the degree to which a financial system is market- or bank-based cannot explain economic development across …

Using a unique bank-level dataset on the Ugandan banking system over theperiod 1999 to 2005, we explore the factors … banking efficiency. Similarly, macroeconomic variables canexplain little of the over-time variation in bank spreads. Bank …-level characteristics, onthe other hand, such as bank size, operating costs, and composition of loan portfolio,explain a large proportion of …