The architecture of supervision - how we define the allocation of supervisory powers to different policy institutions - can have implications for policy conduct and for the economic and financial environment in which these policies are implemented. Theoretically, an integrated structure for...

This paper uses survey data for 29,000 households from 29 transition economies to explore how the use of banking services is related to household characteristics, bank ownership structure and the development of the financial infrastructure. At the household level we find that the holding of a...

Following the June 2012 European Council decision to place the ‘Single Supervisory Mechanism' (SSM) within the European Central Bank, the general presumption in the policy discussions has been that there should be ‘Chinese walls' between the supervisory and monetary policy arms of the ECB....