This article discusses the impact of digitalisation on the structure of the European banking system. The recent wave of financial innovation, based on the opportunities created by digitalisation in terms of new products or new services, has come mostly from outside the incumbent banking system....

The contribution of financial and non-financial risks to the overall level of risk in the system depends on the current state of the EU banking system (which, in the aggregate and compared with banking sectors in other major advanced economies, cannot be characterised as strong) and how...

The past two decades have seen a rapid increase in interest in financial inclusion, both from policymakers and researchers. This paper surveys the main findings from the literature, documenting the trends over time and gaps that have arisen across regions, income levels, and gender, among...