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The EU has a consolidated climate and energy regulation: it played a pioneering role by adopting a wide range of … climate change policies and establishing the first regional Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS). These policies, however, raise … the potential extra-EU spillover of the EU mitigation policy with a particular attention to developing countries. The …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011457751
Quantitative easing (QE) affects banks’ profitability in three main ways. First, as QE drives up bond prices, banks holding such bonds see their balance sheets strengthened. Second, QE reduces long-term yields and thereby reduces term spreads. With this, the lending-deposit ratio spread falls,...
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The present research has been developed within the EU FP7 VECTORS project (http://www.marine-vectors.eu/). The main … economic effect of future changes in the EU marine ecosystem in the medium term (2030). We focus on those changes potentially … following deterioration of marine ecosystem quality. Impacts on EU coastal countries Gross Domestic Product are negative and …
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This Policy Contribution, based on a note written for the Bundestag EU Committee, explores the possible consequences of … a no-deal Brexit for the European Union and assesses preparations on the EU side. It also provides guidance on the … optimal strategy for the EU, depending on the choices made by the United Kingdom. Overall, a no-deal Brexit would be …
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Credit rating agencies (CRAs) have not consistently met the expectations placed on them by investors and policymakers. It is difficult, however, to improve the quality of ratings through regulatory initiatives. In the short term, changes to the CRAs' regulatory environment, in a context of high...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009389041