Based on a description of the German system of taxes and transfers, the incentives to work are analyzed for several … groups of the labor force. The effects of the Hartz IVʺ reform (effective from 2005 onwards) on the incentives receive … strengthening the incentives to work. Other elements of Hartz IVʺ are only touched on. …

Based on a description of the German system of taxes and transfers, the incentives to work are analyzed for several … groups of the labor force. The effects of the “Hartz IV"" reform (effective from 2005 onwards) on the incentives receive … strengthening the incentives to work. Other elements of “Hartz IV"" are only touched on. …

-specified time limits, are viewed as one important reason for the persistently high level of unemployment in Germany by many … economists. In order to increase work incentives and, at the same time, reduce social expenditures there have been various … assistance level for "employable" persons who choose not to work; (iii) improved incentives to take up work by a combination of a …

-specified time limits, are viewed as one important reason for the persistently high level of unemployment in Germany by many … economists. In order to increase work incentives and, at the same time, reduce social expenditures there have been various … assistance level for "employable" persons who choose not to work; (iii) improved incentives to take up work by a combination of a …

We analyze the work incentives and labor supply effects of the so-called mini- jobs reform (subsidies of social … security contributions to people with low-earnings jobs) introduced in Germany in April 2003. The analysis is based on a …