Berger, Allen N.; Frame, W. Scott; Ioannidou, Vasso - 2010
literature explain collateral as arising from the existence of either ex ante private information or ex post incentive problems …Collateral is a widely used, but not well understood, debt-contracting feature. Two broad strands of theoretical … private information about borrower risk that is unobserved by the lender. The data also include public information about …