variation in factor productivity. We implement this method using data on the relative wage bills of non-production and …

productivity. Our model extends basic Ricardian theory to accommodate many countries, geographic barriers, and imperfect … explain basic facts about U.S. plants: (i) productivity dispersion, (ii) the productivity advantage of exporters, (iii) the … examine counterfactuals to assess the impact of various global shifts on productivity, plant entry and exit, and labor …