Globalisation has been associated with increased international mobility of capital but less so of labour partly because of legal restrictions. In theory, labour mobility and trade are generally substitutes in respect of tradeable goods and services. There are, however, also instances of...

There are marked differences in health conditions of the Austrian population by socioeconomic status, gender, age, education, occupation and income as well as by nationality. The low educational attainment of migrants, their concentration in particular occupations and industries and their...

There are considerable differences in the incidence of sickness, the pattern of diseases and the duration of episodes of sickness by age, gender, education and employment status. Employed have a significantly better health record than the unemployed. The question why this should be so is...

A challenge facing countries with an ageing population is how to retain a larger proportion of older workers in the work force while at the same time maintaining productivity growth - the latter being a necessary condition for economic sustainability of globalised economies. Apart from...

Globalisation and the ageing of the work force represent a dual challenge for enterprises. The first exerts pressure on production costs in order to stay competitive, the second raises production costs as the productivity of workers tends to decline after a certain age, particularly for...

This paper puts emphasis on the earnings development at the lower end of the earnings distribution and its development over time. The main objective is to provide more insight into the mechanism of impoverishment and marginalisation of various groups of people as well as the dynamics.