I review the literature on the effects of inequality on growth and development in the developing world. Two stylized … facts emerge from empirical studies: inequality is more likely to harm growth in countries at low levels of income (below … about $3200 per capita in 2000 dollars); and it is at high levels of inequality (at or above a Gini coefficient of .45) that …

economic development paradigms. We document the extensive implementation of Consensus-style reforms in the region as well as … the mismatch between reformers’ expectations and actual outcomes, in terms of growth, poverty reduction, and inequality … innovation, institutional change and inequality. …

Latin America is known to have income inequality among the highest in the world. That inequality has been invoked to … inequality in the region is falling. In this paper, we summarize recent findings on the decline in inequality across the region … decline, and investigate the relationship between changes in inequality and changes in the size of the middle class in the …

may be postponed in high-inequality countries to the detriment of overall economic performance. This paper examines the … relationship between structural, high inequality—measured by high levels of schooling inequality—and liberalization of the … largely restricted, including by ending directed credit. For our measure of structural inequality we use data on schooling …

-level in promoting shared development and reducing inequality, we propose that the rate of increase in median consumption per … standard development indicators, as a simple, robust, and durable indicator of typical individual material well-being in a … “good-enough” indicator of consumption (or income) inequality. Finally, as a post-2015 indicator of progress at the country …