Models to the issue of altruism which rely on externalities of well-being are rarely used explicitly. In this paper we … compare such utility-based approaches with the standard approach on altruism which is based on externalities of income …

about the recipient type. To explain these puzzling results we reconsider Becker's [1974] theory of altruism, which assumes …, it turns out that his approach predicts in contrast to other theories of altruism - that some altruistic persons will … change their behavior as observed in our experiments. Thus, a kind of utility based altruism (and spite as its opposite form …