for the United States but also with reference to the wider world. We establish the outlines of international integration a … century ago and analyze the institutional and informational impediments that prevented the late nineteenth century world from … achieving the same degree of integration as today. We conclude that the world today is different: commercial and financial …

The claim of globalization critics that the income gap to industrial countries is bound to widen for essentially all … developing countries as a consequence of economic globalization is in conflict with empirical evidence. Economic performance … and foreign indebtedness which may explain the varying experience with globalization in regard to per capita income growth …