wage of French women, but led to a sizable decline in their employment rate. In contrast, immigration had little impact on … the employment rate of men, but led to a sizable drop in the male wage. We show that the near-zero correlation between …

Employment rates in the United States fell dramatically between February 2020 and April 2020 as the initial … to document that the employment decline was particularly severe for immigrants. Historically, immigrant men were more … likely to be employed than native men. The COVID-related labor market disruptions eliminated the immigrant employment …