. Although milder climate objectives can be achieved at moderate costs, our results show that stringent stabilization paths … costs it is crucial to rely on a wide mitigation portfolio. Strong reductions in energy consumption through enhanced energy … challenge of climate protection and the costs of reducing GHG emissions. -- Climate Policy ; Stabilization Costs …

. Although milder climate objectives can be achieved at moderate costs, our results show that stringent stabilization paths … costs it is crucial to rely on a wide mitigation portfolio. Strong reductions in energy consumption through enhanced energy … challenge of climate protection and the costs of reducing GHG emissions …

costs. While all models project that the electricity sector can be decarbonized readily, emissions abatement in the non …-electric sectors, particularly transport, is much more challenging. Mitigation costs and carbon prices were found to depend strongly on …

arrangements are considered. -- climate change ; environmental policy ; energy R&D fund ; stabilisation costs …

costs of ambitious climate policies. They also indicate that there is an effective hedging strategy that could minimise the … the costs of delayed action and to cope with uncertainty about the outcome of future climate negotiations. By contrast, an … insufficient short-term effort significantly increases the costs of compliance in the long-term. -- Uncertainty ; Climate Policy …

costs of ambitious climate policies. They also indicate that there is an effective hedging strategy that could minimise the … the costs of delayed action and to cope with uncertainty about the outcome of future climate negotiations. By contrast, an … insufficient short-term effort significantly increases the costs of compliance in the long-term …