Public procurement is officially regarded as an effective means to secure environmental improvement. Estimates indicate that public authorities within the European Union typically purchase goods and services corresponding to approximately 16 percent of GNP per annum. Hence, it is believed,...

Today, many countries around the world respond to the global warming and its consequences with various policy instruments such as e.g. taxes, subsidies, emission permit trading, regulations and information campaigns. In the economic literature, policy instruments have typically been analyzed...

The main objective of this paper is to analyze the potential goal conflict between two of Sweden’s environmental objectives: Sustainable Forests and Reduced Climate Impact – or, more precisely, the conflict between forest conservation and the supply of wood fuel. To accomplish this, we use a...

The main purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between pollution and income at household level. The study is motivated by the recent literature emphasizing the importanceof income distribution for the aggregate relation between pollution and income. The main findings from previous...

Several countries are responding to the climate change threat with various policy measures (e.g., taxes, permit trading, regulations, information campaigns, etc). While the effectiveness of different measures (instruments) has been studied extensively, very little research exists related to...

The aim with this study is to evaluate the potential effects on productivity development in the Swedish manufacturing industry due to changes in environmental regulations over a long time period. The issue is closely related to the so called Porter hypothesis, i.e. whether environmental...

In this paper we study how foreign ownership of Swedish companies affect employment and wage setting. To study the effects we specify a model that is essentially based on the assumption that the Swedish labour market can be described as a market where trade unions and employers bargain over both...

This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature connected to the so called Porter Hypothesis. That is, to review the literature connected to the discussion about the relation between environmental policy and competitiveness. According to the conventional wisdom environmental policy,...

The objective of this paper is to shed some empirical light on the price development and price formation for wood fuel used by the Swedish district heating sector. According to Lönner et.al. (1998), there is a significant potential for increasing the use of wood fuel in Sweden, and that at a...

In this paper we examine how the Swedish consumers consumption basket have changed over time, and how this have affected emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxide (NOx). More specifically we examine how exogenous technological progress in terms of an increase in...