undergraduate students' enrolment choices. A before-after estimator with differential treatment intensities is used to investigate … student enrolments and enrolment of students with better entry qualifications after the VTR. Our analysis demonstrates that … enrolment by 5.8%. The effects are larger for high-quality students, namely those with better high school final marks (8.3%) or …

autonomous province of Trento) the PISA 2009 test was re-administered to the same students one year later. This paper is the … first to analyse in the OECD-PISA context the potential advantages of re-testing the same students in order to provide …