Using a unique proprietary data set of 1,980 realized and unrealized buyouts completed between 1986 and 2010, we examine entry and exit pricing in buyouts and its influence on private equity (PE) sponsors' returns. We find that besides leverage and operational improvements, EBITDA multiple...

We use a proprietary dataset to explore (i) the financial covenant structure and (ii) the determinants of their restrictiveness in leveraged buyouts. With respect to (i) we find that the covenant structure is more standardized in sponsored than in non-sponsored loans: the former show less...

This article examines the impact of private equity (PE) fund-level dynamics on the PE fund's general partner's (GP) divestment decisions and whether these decisions are to the detriment of the PE fund's limited partners, indicating a moral hazard problem. We use a unique sample of 1,112 buyout...

In this paper we investigate the effects of debt usage on (risk-adjusted) equity returns in private equity-backed buyout transactions. We use a proprietary data set of more than 700 realized European and North American buyouts acquired between 1990 and 2006 to empirically assess theoretical...

Most of the existing research on value creation drivers in private equity buyouts is restricted to the US and the UK, whereas continental European countries are not included. In addition, most of the generally applied methods for measuring the importance of different value creation drivers do...

Goal structures in family firms seems of particular interest to the field as the overall orientation and the objectives of family firms are determined in an area of potential conflict between the two subsystems of firm and family. We asked shareholders of German family firms to rate the...

German Abstract: Fehlendes Kapital für Hightech-Wachstumsunternehmen ist eine der zentralen Schwächen des deutschen Innovationssystems. Gerade im Zuge der digitalen Transformation, in der radikale technologische Innovationen und neue Geschäftsmodelle sowie schnelles Wachstum gefragt sind,...

Insufficient access to capital for high-tech growth companies is one of the key weaknesses of Germany's innovation system. This weakness is becoming a serious competitive disadvantage, especially in the context of the radical technological innovation, new business models and rapid growth...

Fund-of-fund investments in private equity are becoming increasingly popular due to their potential to diversify across several private equity funds. However, due to the illiquidity and opaqueness of private equity markets only limited knowledge is available on the actual risk profile of...

Understanding value creation at the transaction level is at the heart of explaining private equity (PE) returns. Taking advantage of a proprietary sample of 2,029 international buyout deals executed between 1984 and 2013 we provide detailed evidence on financial, market and operational value...