We use a proprietary dataset to explore (i) the financial covenant structure and (ii) the determinants of their restrictiveness in leveraged buyouts. With respect to (i) we find that the covenant structure is more standardized in sponsored than in non-sponsored loans: the former show less...

This article examines the impact of private equity (PE) fund-level dynamics on the PE fund's general partner's (GP) divestment decisions and whether these decisions are to the detriment of the PE fund's limited partners, indicating a moral hazard problem. We use a unique sample of 1,112 buyout...

Most of the existing research on value creation drivers in private equity buyouts is restricted to the US and the UK, whereas continental European countries are not included. In addition, most of the generally applied methods for measuring the importance of different value creation drivers do...

Goal structures in family firms seems of particular interest to the field as the overall orientation and the objectives of family firms are determined in an area of potential conflict between the two subsystems of firm and family. We asked shareholders of German family firms to rate the...

Venture capital (VC) syndication mainly occurs to compensate for a lack of resources, whether financial or otherwise. The current literature does not sufficiently explore the extent to which the motives differ for syndication between general partners (GPs) or between GPs and limited partners...

In this paper we investigate the returns to venture capital firms from acquisition exits. Starting from M&A literature, we develop three detailed categorizations of acquisitions based on the acquirer's motive and related agency issues. We use a proprietary data set of 2,356 venture...

An increasingly global venture capital (VC) business raises the question whether foreign VCs'investments pull economic activity away from domestic economies. Using a large sample ofVC-backed European ventures, we analyze whether involvement of foreign VCs influencesfirms' and entrepreneurs'...

Insufficient access to capital for high-tech growth companies is one of the key weaknesses of Germany's innovation system. This weakness is becoming a serious competitive disadvantage, especially in the context of the radical technological innovation, new business models and rapid growth...

German Abstract: Fehlendes Kapital für Hightech-Wachstumsunternehmen ist eine der zentralen Schwächen des deutschen Innovationssystems. Gerade im Zuge der digitalen Transformation, in der radikale technologische Innovationen und neue Geschäftsmodelle sowie schnelles Wachstum gefragt sind,...

Fund-of-fund investments in private equity are becoming increasingly popular due to their potential to diversify across several private equity funds. However, due to the illiquidity and opaqueness of private equity markets only limited knowledge is available on the actual risk profile of...