Problem Definition: To approve a novel drug therapy, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requires clinical trial evidence demonstrating efficacy with 2.5% statistical significance, although the agency often uses regulatory discretion when interpreting these standards. Factors including...

Socioeconomic disparities in COVID-19 vaccination rates are partly attributable to poor vaccination site selection, often requiring excessively burdensome travel distances. In early 2021, the U.S. government launched the Federal Retail Pharmacy Program (FRPP) to offer new access points, yet...