In this essay six societal challenges and research opportunities that confront 21st century Bayesian econometricians are briefly discussed using an important feature of modern Bayesian econometrics: conditional probabilities of a wide range of economic events of interest can be evaluated by...

In this paper we give a short novel proof of the well-known Lagrange multiplier rule, discuss the sources of the power of this rule and consider several applications of this rule. The new proof does not use the implicit function theorem and combines the advantages of two of the most well-known...

We present the Lagrange multiplier rule, one of the basic optimization methods, in a new way. Novel features include: • Explanation of the true source of the power of the rule: reversal of tasks, but not the use of multipliers. • A natural proof based on a simple picture, but not the usual...

The aim of this paper is to make a contribution to the investigation of the roots and essence of convex analysis, and to the development of the duality formulas of convex calculus. This is done by means of one single method: firstly conify, then work with the calculus of convex cones, which...

Reasonable descent is a novel, transparent approach to a well-established field: the deep methods and applications of the complete analysis of continuous optimization problems. Standard reasonable descents give a unified approach to all standard necessary conditions, including the Lagrange...