This note studies the risk-management decisions of a risk-averse farmer. The farmer faces multiple sources of price …

When measuring market risk, credit institutions and Alternative Investment Fund Managers may deviate from equally … weighting historical data in their Value-at-Risk calculation and instead use an exponential time series weighting. The use of … exponential weighting in the Value-at-Risk calculation is very popular because it takes into account changes in market volatility …

. Besides output price uncertainty, the firm faces additional sources of risk which are aggregated into an additive background … risk. We show that the firm always chooses its optimal debt-equity ratio to minimize the weighted average cost of capital …, irrespective of the risk attitude of the firm and the incidence of the multiple sources of uncertainty. Even though the …

analysis of risk changes when units are aggregated. The methods described here, which base unit aggregation discounts on …