negative effect in Russia, and they provide some evidence of positive foreign effects on both wages and employment in all four … large, positive, but offsetting in Hungary and Romania, and from small effects of both types in Russia and Ukraine. The …

Russia, Romania, and Estonia to measure nonstandard, boundary forms and alternative definitions of labor force status. Our … official definitions in apparently minor ways can produce alternative employment rates that are sharply higher in Russia but … and moderately higher in Estonia and Russia. …

unemployment statistics. This paper analyzes microdata on detailed labor force survey responses in Russia, Romania, and Estonia to … alternative employment rates that are sharply higher in Russia but much lower in Romania and slightly lower in Estonia, and … alternative unemployment rates that are sharply higher in Romania and moderately higher in Estonia and Russia. -- alternative …

negative effect in Russia, and they provide some evidence of positive foreign effects on both wages and employment in all four … large, positive, but offsetting in Hungary and Romania, and from small effects of both types in Russia and Ukraine. The … dominates the efficiency effect. -- privatization ; employment ; wages ; foreign ownership ; Hungary ; Romania ; Russia …

Russia, Romania, and Estonia to measure nonstandard, boundary forms and alternative definitions of labor force status. Our … official definitions in apparently minor ways can produce alternative employment rates that are sharply higher in Russia but … and moderately higher in Estonia and Russia. -- employment ; unemployment ; Estonia ; Romania ; Russia …

Russia, Romania, and Estonia to measure nonstandard, boundary forms and alternative definitions of labor force status. Our … official definitions in apparently minor ways can produce alternative employment rates that are sharply higher in Russia but … and moderately higher in Estonia and Russia. …

Hungary and Russia are small (3-5%) negative wage effects found. Privatization to foreign investors has positive estimated … effects of all types in Russia and Ukraine. The positive employment outcome under foreign ownership results from a substantial … ; Romania ; Russia ; Ukraine …