Europe, bank finance plays a relatively important role, and efforts have been made at creating a level playing field for …

Bank distress can have severe negative consequences for the stability of the financial system, the real economy, and … for public finances. Regimes for the restructuring and resolution of banks, financed by bank levies and fiscal backstops …, seek to reduce these costs. Bank levies attempt to internalize systemic risk and to increase the costs of leverage. This …

have had a marked impact on the banking sector globally. The CGFS Working Group examined trends in bank business models … be clear evidence of a systemic retrenchment from core credit provision. Second, bank return on equity has declined …

right tail of the bank size distribution follows a power law. Also, the presence of big banks as measured by high market …