The 2008-2009 crisis was characterized by an unprecedented degree of international synchronization as all major industrialized countries experienced large macroeconomic contractions around the date of Lehman bankruptcy. At the same time countries also experienced large and synchronized...

Using monthly data on temporary trade barriers (TTBs), we estimate the dynamic em- ployment effects of protectionism through vertical production linkages. First, exploiting high- frequency data and TTB procedural details, we identify trade policy shocks exogenous to eco- nomic fundamentals. We...

We estimate the effects of government spending along the supply chain using disaggregated U.S. government procurement data. We first identify sectoral public spending shocks and combine them with input-output tables to measure upstream and downstream exposure through the production network. We...