The current globalization process contrasts with the first globalization, in the second half of the XIXth century, with respect to international flows of production factors and to monetary arrangements: during the first globalization, Great Britain, the then dominant power, was a high saving,...

[eng] France and Italy facing their European Destiny Michel Aglietta and Jacques Le Cacheux Over the past few decades, the French and Italian economies have gone through disturbances that have, in many respects, been similar. The economic policies carried out on both sides of the Alps have,...

We present in this article a summary of our work on the relation between country size and growth strategy. We begin by reviewing the major steps in the literature on the economics of country size, focusing on contemporary contributions, from the Robinson volume (1960) to Alesina and Spolaore?s...

[eng] Intra-cis trade and payments . . Within the former Soviet Union, interdependencies of the production sectors of the member Republics were particularly strong. The breakdown of the Union has aggravated the already marked tendency for inter-Republican trade to contract, with very serious...

[fre] Dans cet article, nous mettons en évidence que l'étalon or se présente comme une gigantesque accumulation de dettes publiques et nous dégageons plusieurs hypothèses relatives aux facteurs réels et monétaires ayant permis cette accumulation. En second lieu, en nous concentrant sur...

[fre] Dans les pays européens, les niveaux d'intervention publique dans la produc­tion apparaissent comparables. Pourtant, des processus de développement éco­nomique similaires y ont façonné des secteurs publics si hétérogènes qu'il est difficile de définir un modèle européen du...

Even though the EU clearly leads the global fight against climate change and despite the additional reduction in emissions due to the global crisis and European recession, the ambitious objectives flagged in the ?20-20-20 by 2020? strategy and ?climate-energy package ? may be out of reach if a...

Under the Articles of the Confederation, the central government of the United States had limited power to tax. Therefore, large debts accumulated during the US War for Independence traded at deep discounts. That situation framed a US fiscal crisis in the 1780s. A political revolution ?for that...