Several studies that have solved for optimal solid waste policy instruments have suggested that transaction costs may often prevent the working of recycling markets. In this paper, we explicitly incorporate such costs into a general equilibrium model of production, consumption, recycling, and...

Several studies have shown the efficiency of both a Pigovian tax on waste disposal and a deposit-refund instrument, that is a combined output tax and recycling subsidy. The efficiency of these instruments, however, critically depends on households being paid for recycling. In reality, although...

Several studies that have solved for optimal solid waste policy instruments have suggested that transaction costs may often prevent the working of recycling markets. In this paper, we explicitly incorporate such costs into a general equilibrium model of production, consumption, recycling, and...

“Design for environment” takes place when firms explicitly incorporate environmental issues in their product design and manufacturing decisions (Joseph Fiksel, 1996). To reduce waste associated with consumer products, for example, firms can reduce product weight, including the amount of...

Households sometimes have two recycling options. Curb-side recycling collections are convenient, but do not provide payment. Alternatively, payment might be available from ‘reverse vending machines’ or drop-off centres, but some transaction costs would be incurred. We examine policies to...