Preliminary evidence favors focusing safety net scholarships (designed to reduce dropout rates during an economic crisis) on lower secondary schools, continuing to target children (especially older students) from large families, scaling back scholarships to private schools at the lower secondary...

This paper uses survey and experimental data from prison inmates and comparable non-inmates to examine the drivers of rising criminality in China. Consistent with socio-biological research on other species, we find that China's high sex-ratios are associated with greater risk-taking and...