This paper reviews approaches used for evaluating the performance of local or regional innovation systems. This … knowledge production function relating innovation inputs and innovation outputs. In analyses on the regional level and … especially when acknowledging regional innovation systems those approaches have to take into account cooperative invention and …

The 'doing-using-interacting mode' of innovation (DUI) is considered an important component of innovative activity. It … describes informal innovative activities and thus complements the 'science-technology-innovation mode' (STI) based on research … DUI mode and how they should be measured. Based upon 81 in-depth interviews with German SMEs and regional innovation …

establishment data on various aspects of training practices and innovation activities in Germany, the paper examines the degree … works councils as an instrument for a firm's total training activities that correlate with innovation, and weak support when … we consider only generalized training and innovation. Finally, no significant relation is found between training …

This paper investigates whether failure in innovation at the firm level can account for cross-country heterogeneity in …, differs in a number of ways from much of the previous cross-country comparisons on the relationship between innovation and … productivity using firm-level data. First, a broader definition of innovation input is used in which research and development is …

This study presents a novel empirical approach to identify financing constraints for innovation based on the idea of an … alternatives of use. If they choose additional innovation projects they must have had some unexploited investment opportunities … attribute constraints for innovation not only to lacking financing, but also to firms' innovative capability. Econometric …

This study presents a novel empirical approach to identify financing constraints for innovation based on the concept of … alternatives of use. If they selected additional innovation projects, they must have had some unexploited investment opportunities … that were not profitable using more costly external finance. We attribute constraints for innovation not only to lacking …

innovation is a crucial productivity driver, a potential crowding out of inventive efforts could increase the cost of mitigating …. However, we do not find negative effects on the number of ongoing R&D projects, investments in innovation-related fixed assets … or on the outcome of innovation projects. Likewise, for firms with subsidy-backed environmental innovations no crowding …