outcomes in Germany, the child penalty. We further investigate how the 2007 parental benefits reform changed the child penalty … information on all births. Our estimation approach accounts for motherhood being a staggered treatment. The reform has small …

outcomes in Germany, the child penalty. We further investigate how the 2007 parental benefits reform changed the child penalty … information on all births. Our estimation approach accounts for motherhood being a staggered treatment. The reform has small …

five European countries (the UK, Germany, France, Italy, and Spain) which have been most affected. The sample period covers …) to a one-standard-deviation shock to the number of COVID-19 cases are statistically insignificant, except for France … activity in all countries in the early stages of the pandemic (especially in Italy), and a positive one on CDS at the same time …

and training participation and we use Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques for estimation. We develop a … the posterior distributions of different treatment effects of interest. Our estimation results imply positive effects of … start. The effects are higher for women than for men and higher in West Germany than in East Germany. Further, we find that …

workers in East Germany participated in training programs which were heavily subsidized by the labor administration. However …

and training participation and we use Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques for estimation. We develop a … the posterior distributions of different treatment effects of interest. Our estimation results imply positive effects of … start. The effects are higher for women than for men and higher in West Germany than in East Germany. Further, we find that …