Financing for adaptation is a core element in the ongoing international negotiations on climate change. This has … motivated a number of recent global estimates of adaptation costs. While important from an agenda setting perspective, many of …), do not differentiate between investments in various types of adaptation or quantify the resulting benefits, and are …

Financing for adaptation is a core element in the ongoing international negotiations on climate change. This has … motivated a number of recent global estimates of adaptation costs. While important from an agenda setting perspective, many of …), do not differentiate between investments in various types of adaptation or quantify the resulting benefits, and are …

policy measures, adaptation will be needed to address climate-related damages. What is the role of adaptation in this setting … adaptation and mitigation expenditures in a cost-effective setting in which countries cooperate to achieve a long … different adaptation modes (reactive and anticipatory), mitigation, and capacity-building to analyse the optimal portfolio of …

addresses this issue by carrying out an integrated analysis of both optimal mitigation and adaptation at the global and regional … level. Adaptation responses are disentangled into three different modes: reactive adaptation, proactive (or anticipatory …) adaptation, and investments in innovation for adaptation purposes. The size, the timing, the relative contribution to total …

policy measures, adaptation will be needed to address climate-related damages. What is the role of adaptation in this setting … adaptation and mitigation expenditures in a cost-effective setting in which countries cooperate to achieve a long … different adaptation modes (reactive and anticipatory), mitigation, and capacity-building to analyse the optimal portfolio of …

of adaptation. We divide the literature into two broad areas of research. First, we examine the studies that analyse … adaptation from a bottom-up perspective. Second, we introduce the studies that examine adaptation using a top-down approach. The … first group of studies investigates cost and benefits of adaptation at the sectoral, regional and global level. The second …