The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis states that pollution levels are increasing as a country develops, but will begin to decrease as rising incomes pass beyond a turning point. EKC analyses test the relationship between a measure of environmental quality and income (usually...

Three new probalistic assessments of oil resources by the United States Geological Survey and the United States Minerals Management Service result in an expansion of global remaining conventional world oil resource estimates. The new value used here is 3.3 trillion barrels; the comparable...

The oil of the Persian Gulf has been of considerable interest to oil companies and Western governments (and to Russia) for more than a century. Remaining global conventional crude oil resources are on the order of 3 trillion barrels, with more than 50% of that amount in the Persian Gulf. Since...