As a supplement to Zhu et al. (2020), this document consists of five parts. First, it provides technical proofs of some theoretical results in Zhu et al. (2020). Second, it introduces some preliminary results on stochastic distribution systems with fixed shipment costs. Third, it provides some...

One of the challenging issues in developing analytical tools to assist the multi-product (item) procurement decisions is how attributes (features) of products can be accommodated to address the substitution effect. It is challenging because the historical sales data seldomly captures whether a...