This study successfully replicates the key findings of Campbell, Lettau, Malkiel, and Xu (2001). We document that aggregate idiosyncratic volatility increases over their sample period from 1962 to 1997. In out-of-sample analysis from 1926 to 1962 and 1998 to 2017, we find that idiosyncratic...

Recently, Fama and French (2014) document a five-factor model that includes the market and factors related to size, book-to-market, profitability and investment outperforms the three-factor model of Fama and French (1993). Using an extensive sample over the period 1982 to 2013, we investigate...