This study constructs the research and development (R&D) and operation processes as a value-chain framework, in which R&D results in the successful applications of patents. These patents are then used to generate final outputs in the operation. We introduce an empirical model extended from the...

This study develops a modified two-stage model to evaluate productive efficiency, occupancy, and catering service effectiveness of Taiwan׳s international tourist hotels. The difference between the modified and original two-stage model is that the modified two-stage model allows for multiple...

Previous studies involving environmental performance purely focus on analyzing environmental or waste treatment efficiencies. This study combines various aspects of environmental protection and establishes a non-radial network DEA approach to evaluate the performance of an environmental...