inflation is inertial. Microeconomic data indicate that firms change prices frequently. We formulate and estimate a model which … resolves this apparent micro - macro conflict. Our model is consistent with post-war U.S. evidence on inflation inertia even …

"Why is inflation persistently high in some periods and low in others? The reason may be absence of commitment in … trigger strategies. In these traps, expectations of high or low inflation lead the public to take defensive actions, which … inflation rate is low on average. This analysis suggests that institutions which promote commitment can prevent high inflation …