This study quantifies the trade and economic impacts of the tariff measures taken to date in the main salvoes of the trade wars unleashed by unilateral US tariff measures imposed on steel and aluminum pursuant to the Department of Commerce Section 232 National Security Investigation, on imports...

Mega-regional trade agreements represent an innovation in the governance of international commerce. Led by the major economies, they promulgate an economic framework that is tailored to the interests of the majors. Sorting out the differential impacts of the mega-regionals at the nation state...

As the global community moves to forge a new climate change agreement, complex questions arise concerning the implications for the international trading system. This was the topic of a meeting in Toronto on October 26 and 27, 2009 that brought together experts from the two communities – trade...

The Doha climate change conference failed to deliver a credible agreement on climate change mitigation. Meanwhile, the Doha Round of World Trade Organization negotiations has stalled, to all appearances indefinitely, leaving unresolved the multilateral talks on how to reconcile and integrate...

The Doha Round has laboured from the beginning. Trade agreements have commercial objectives but the Doha Round was launched as an international political response to 9/11; the technical groundwork had not been laid and the movement on the built-in agenda had been negligible. Coming out of Hong...

Canada's trade diversification drive confronts daunting challenges given that economic geography places it deep in the gravity well of the United States while its main diversification opportunities require partnership with the US' chief geostrategic rival, China. In this note, I sketch out how...

The digital transformation has facilitated old modes of trade and business models and enabled the creation of entirely new ones. Digital disruption is being felt across all modes of trades: digital versions of products or services compete with physically embodied versions; and digital...

This paper considers the implications of the shift of trade rule-making and liberalization from the World Trade Organization (WTO) to the mega-regional mode for the development of responses to climate change. We review developments at the interface between the trade system and climate change...

This paper develops a new version of the GTAP database in which Canada is replaced by its provinces in order to allow the analysis of international trade agreements at a subnational level. The methodology in effect treats the individual provinces as separate trading entities, much like the...

Economic integration is evolving rapidly in East Asia, driven by a multitude of factors. The most important of these has been the entrenchment of China in the global division of labour and its increasingly important role as an independent engine of growth in the global economy. Business-led East...