This paper reviews recent research on corporate governance, with a special focus on emerging markets. It finds that better corporate frameworks benefit firms through greater access to financing, lower cost of capital, better performance, and more favorable treatment of all stakeholders. Numerous...

Through the lens of credit risk ratings, we investigate how banks determine loan terms under capital constraints. Using a unique and comprehensive supervisory dataset of individual corporate loans in the US, we show that unexpected adjustments to banks' internal rating systems, which only alter...

This paper focuses on the recent changes in banking systems and how bank-specific characteristics have affected credit supply in five Latin American countries (Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru). We use detailed credit registry data and apply a common empirical strategy. Since data...

The risk-taking effects of low interest rates, now prevailing in many advanced countries, "search-for-yield," can be hard to analyze due to both a paucity of data and challenges in identification. Unique, security-level data on portfolio investment into the United States allow us to overcome...

What is in banks’ private information about borrowers, and how does it relate to physical distance and relationship length? Exploiting the Federal Reserve’s comprehensive supervisory loan-level dataset on corporate borrowers, we distinguish two dimensions of private information embedded in...

The paper focuses on two functions of shadow banking: securitization and collateral intermediation. It describes operations of the shadow banking system, demand factors, systemic risks, and associated policy priorities