to gather individual-level data covering all relevant countries, namely the exodus of Ecuadorians to Spain and the US in …, even in an episode in which Ecuadorians mostly chose Spain where earnings were lower than in the US, and they contribute to …

Ecuadorian migrants: the US and Spain. First, we provide a careful description of the main characteristics of migration flows … explain the larger scale of the flows to Spain. We argue that the puzzle is explained by taking into account that (i) the … options to migrate legally to either destination were slim, and (ii) the cost of illegally migrating to Spain was lower than …

In recent years, Spain has received unprecedented immigration flows. Between 2001 and 2006 the fraction of the …