Squeezed between increasing entitlement expenditures and static or declining real revenues, state-funded urban development is increasingly an unaffordable luxury. At the same time, the power and significance of the banking sector is giving way to new kinds of financial institutions that have...

In an era of declining government commitment to urban and regional development, pension funds' investment strategies have come under increasing scrutiny. It is tempting to suggest, as Republican congressional critics portrayed advocates of economically targeted investments (ETIs) and the ETI...

Relations between China and the USA began with the best of intentions: the USA would sponsor the normalization of China's status in the international community through trade in exchange for China's commitment to peaceful co-existence with the west. As an emerging economy, China has relied upon...

The Norwegian Government Pension Fund-Global is one of the world's largest sovereign wealth funds and is one of the most transparent institutions of its kind. It also has an explicit mission aimed at integrating long-term investment with a two-sided ethical commitment: to corporate engagement...

In a previous paper we emphasised the changing national and international accounting standards used to measure net pension liability. Beginning with the implications of this analysis for the financing of German employer-sponsored pensions, in this paper we focus upon the internal management of...

The retirement of the baby boom generation is a profound threat to the structure and organisation of continental European retirement systems. Whereas the German financial system, for example, has been often favourably compared to the Anglo-American system of corporate governance, it is argued in...

Since 1980, U.K. individual pension and retirement assets have increased about 10 fold to about 1.1 trillion Pounds. Over the same time, U.S. household retirement assets have increased about 7 fold to more than $5 trillion. High rates of asset growth have also been observed for Australia and...

In this paper we focus on the current status of German employer-sponsored supplementary pensions in the context of moves towards the harmonization of international accounting standards. We emphasize the changing standards used to measure pension liability, and the consequences of these changes...

There is considerable interest in the design and funding of European pension systems. While many commentators emphasize the financial burden of under-funded European social security systems, less understood are the structure and performance of European supplementary pensions. In this paper, we...

With the retirement of the baby boom generation beginning in the first decade of the 21st century and increased global competition between rival systems of economic governance, pension systems are an important and growing area of research in economics and management. The relationships between...