Science discovers the root causes of phenomena to explain and predict them in a context of adaptation of life to new economic and social bases, whereas scientific research is a systematic process, applying methods of scientific inquiry, to solve consequential problems, to satisfy human wants, to...

A fundamental problem in the field of social studies of science is why nations produce scientific achievements. Many studies have analyzed characteristics of science and scientific research. However, the motivations of nations to produce scientific research are elusive. Firstly, this study...

One of the interesting questions in the field of social sciences is to explain why nations produce science and technology that generate economic and social change. This paper endeavors to systematize some drivers of science and technology (S&T) of nations. The thesis of this paper is that...

Fishbone diagram is a graphical technique to show the several causes of a specific event. Fish-bone diagram is applied here as a novel graphical representation to identify, explore and analyze the source and evolution of innovation and especially General Purpose Technologies (GPTs). Firstly, the...

Sensors and sensing technologies have a main impact in current society and this aspect will continue into the future because of evolving and improving performance characteristics and capabili-ties. Sensors are general purpose technologies that interact with other technologies with relation-ships...

One of the problems in the field of technology analysis and innovation management is how new technologies origin and evolve in the presence of environmental threats. The goal of this study is to analyze evolution of innovations to cope with new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) that is generating...

This study suggests the concept of Metabolism of organization that explains how public organizations use and/or transform inputs (mainly public funding) to produce and supply products and services. This approach is useful for analyzing costs and supporting best practices of management to...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the rivalry between basic and applied research within public research labs. Study design considers the international publications a proxy of basic research, whereas the self-financing deriving from technology transfer activities is an indicator of...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the competition between basic and applied research within public research organizations. International publications are considered here a proxy of basic research, whereas self-financing deriving from technology transfer activities is an indicator of...

The main aim of this study is to provide a new graphical representation of the potential root causes of General Purpose Technologies (GPTs) for the analysis and foresight of these path-breaking innovations that support the technological and economic change over the long run. Firstly, the study...