Africa's trade is impeded by poor infrastructure. Inadequate transport infrastructure raises costs analogous to trade barriers, while inadequate power discourages investment. Yet Africa's infrastructure needs greatly exceed its capacity to finance them. There is therefore a need, and an...

Africa has a severe shortage of infrastructure. Addressing this shortage involves both correcting the problems of poor maintenance and underinvestment that have caused it and raising the finance for a phase of remedial investment. We review evidence that substantiates the shortage, in terms of...

Civil war conflict is a core development issue. The existence of civil war can dramatically slow a country's development process, especially in low-income countries which are more vulnerable to civil war conflict. Conversely, development can impede civil war. When development succeeds, countries...