The chapter discusses the statutory and treaty basis for compulsory patent licensing, briefly reviews instances in … which compulsory licenses have been issued, surveys the economic rationale behind compulsory licensing and compares the … potential application of compulsory licensing in essential medicines and climate change mitigation technology …

Licensing Negotiations Involving Standard Essential Patents (Draft Mar. 9, 2018). These comments relate primarily to: (1 …

In an environment in which widely-adopted technical standards may each be covered by large numbers of patents, there … holders of standards-essential patents (SEPs) using “top-down” methodologies. Top-down royalty approaches begin with the …

licensing market, factors including a lack of participation by key patent holders, an untested record of enforcing patents … create a market-based trading exchange for aggregated patent license rights, particularly standards-essential patents (SEPs … other patents deemed essential to IEEE's 802.11n “Wi-Fi” standard. IPXI offered up to 50,000 tradable Unit License Right …

impact of patents on international technical standardization activities. In particular, it assesses the impact that patents …

as the accuracy and completeness of the data it builds upon. In contrast with information about patents and trademarks …, good information about IP licensing is much less publicly available. Although IP royalties provide large in-bound trade … licensing royalties economically impactful, but building a better understanding of how markets for technology operate in a …

patents essential to the standard on terms that are "fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory" (FRAND). FRAND commitments are … adopted in the market. While, at first blush, FRAND commitments seem to assure product vendors that patents will not obstruct …, multiple patent holders agree to charge a single, collective royalty on patents included in the pool. This structure, which has …

-development organizations (SDOs) that require participants to license patents essential to the standard on terms that are “fair, reasonable and … to assure product vendors that patents will not obstruct the manufacture and sale of standards-compliant products, in … royalty on patents included in the pool. This structure, which has been utilized in connection with several successful …

previously unavailable information regarding commercial patent licensing practices, including royalty rates, in a manner that …