. Typically, new services are not subject to specific regulation, owing to the risk that this would discourage investment and … intervention to date, an equally valid response is to question the effectiveness of existing regulation. Both new entrants and … benefits for customers and reducing the need for regulation; to assess the impact of public policy on incentives to invest in …

The United States has asymmetric regulation of the provision of broadband Internet access service. A cable television …) that offers digital subscriber line (DSL) service faces price regulation as well as the obligation to offer competitors the … services that compete with the ILEC's own retail offering to consumers. The social costs of asymmetric regulation are by now …