This paper examines the causes and consequences of hedge fund investments in exchange traded funds (ETFs) using U.S. data from 1998 to 2018. The data indicate that transient hedge funds and quasi-indexer hedge funds are substantially more likely to invest in ETFs. Unexpected hedge fund inflows...

We argue two alternative routes that lead entrepreneurial start-ups to acquisition outcomes instead of liquidation. On one hand, acquisitions can come about through the control route with external financers such as venture capitalists (VCs). VCs take control through their board seats along with...

We examine the spread of voluntary investor protection mechanisms across countries. In particular, we consider UCITS protection for mutual funds. We explore the spread of 1344 UCITS bond funds and 2784 UCITS equity funds from various countries of origin in Europe initiated in the 2001-2007...

This paper examines institutional investors' propensity to invest in a relatively unknown asset class of listed private equity. Based on data provided by LPEQ, Preqin and Scorpio Partnership covering 171 institutional investors in Europe in 2008-2010, we find allocations are primarily a function...

This paper introduces a cross-country law and finance analysis of the misreporting behavior in the hedge fund industry in terms of smoothing returns so that a fund consistently generates positive returns. We find strong evidence that international differences in hedge fund regulation are...

We document the types of private debt securities used by private firms across 25 countries over 2001-2010. Returns to private debt depend on lender (fund manager) characteristics, particularly portfolio size per manager, highlighting the role of time allocation for due diligence and monitoring....

This paper tests the idea that financial regulation can impact performance persistence in the context of the hedge fund industry in 48 countries over the years 1994-2008. The data show evidence of three types of regulation influencing performance persistence: (1) minimum capital restrictions,...

This study empirically examines the effects of a regulation change on the structure and governance of leveraged buyouts (LBOs) within the Italian private equity market, whose transactions were only recently legalized. With a new data set covering approximately 85% of the buyout funds active in...

This paper tests the idea that financial regulation can impact performance persistence in the context of the hedge fund industry in 48 countries over the years 1994-2008. The data show evidence of three types of regulation influencing performance persistence: (1) minimum capital restrictions,...

We examine the spread of UCITS funds around the world, and consider whether such mutual funds that adopt higher standards of voluntary investor protection expand their operations to other countries with higher or lower investor protection regimes. The data indicate equity funds spread to...