The Federal Reserve's Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review (CCAR) requires large bank holding companies (BHCs) to project losses under stress scenarios. In this paper, we propose multiple benchmarks for operational loss projections and document the industry distribution relative to these...

One of the main challenges that banks face in modeling operational risk is the instability of risk estimates caused by heavy-tailed and insufficient loss data. To address these issues, we propose a loss scaling method to combine a bank's internal loss data with external loss data of other banks....

The Federal Reserve's Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review (CCAR) requires large bank holding companies (BHCs) to project losses under stress scenarios. In this paper, we propose multiple benchmarks for operational loss projections and document the industry distribution relative to these...