materials. However, increasing industry funding of research can restrict the dissemination of results and materials. We show … scientists who receive industry funding are twice as likely to deny requests for research inputs as those who do not. Receiving …, however, 50% more likely to be denied access to research materials by others, but this is not affected by being funded …

materials. However, increasing industry funding of research can restrict the dissemination of results and materials. We show … scientists who receive industry funding are twice as likely to deny requests for research inputs as those who do not. Receiving …, however, 50% more likely to be denied access to research materials by others, but this is not affected by being funded …

materials. However, increasing industry funding of research can restrict the dissemination of results and materials. We show … scientists who receive industry funding are twice as likely to deny requests for research inputs as those who do not. Receiving …, however, 50% more likely to be denied access to research materials by others, but this is not affected by being funded …

collaboration leads, on average, to higher R&D in the involved firms. Thus there is no full crowding-out of subsidies targeted to …

the firm level. In general, we find that collaboration has positive effects. In Germany, subsidies for individual research …This study focuses on the impact of innovation policies and R&D collaboration in Germany and Finland. We consider … collaboration and subsidies as heterogeneous treatments, and perform an econometric matching to analyze R&D and patent activity at …