trends in unconditional firm level and aggregated output volatility in Germany are similar. There has been a long … Moderationʺ can be found in firm level data as well remains disputed. We study the evolution of firm level output volatility using …-run downward trend, which was interrupted by the unification period. Second, the conditional, idiosyncratic firm level volatility …

We compared forecasts of stock market volatility based on real-time and revised macroeconomic data. To this end, we … used a new dataset on monthly real-time macroeconomic variables for Germany. The dataset covers the period 1994-2005. We … used a statistical, a utility-based, and an options-based criterion to evaluate volatility forecasts. Our main result is …