-up firms over the period 2007-2009, we find that high-tech startups are less likely to use bank finance and face more … difficulties in raising bank finance than low-tech start-ups. We find that external credit scores do affect the availability of …-tech start-ups than low-tech start-ups. Start-ups that have their main relation with a small bank use more bank finance and …

types of institutions ?banks and non-bank financial institutions ?have a (significantly different) impact on local economic … growth. Our findings show that banks outperfirm non-bank financial institutions. Only banking development exerts a …