focus is on child care for children aged 0-3, because this is a critical period for working mothers and their children and …This paper discusses several approaches to examining the relationship between child care and mothers' labor supply. The … because most European and American households with children aged 3-5 already use child care centers. The paper provides data …

Our study explores the impact of selection criteria on the costs and benefits of early childcare for mothers … Italian sample of households with children under 3 years of age (European Survey on Living and Income Conditions), and the … benefits for child outcomes and mothers’ employment are stronger in municipalities where the selection criteria give priority …

The growth in labor market participation among women with young children has raised concerns about the potential … negative impact of the mother's absence from home on child outcomes. Recent data show that mother's time spent with children … has declined in the last decade, while the indicators of children's cognitive and noncognitive outcomes have worsened. The …

writing and math and logical reasoning. The amount of time mothers spend with children is always greater than fathers but … changes over the life cycle of the children. In fact, the time mothers spend with children decreases as the child grows up and … their children, child-related expenditure and the results obtained by them, with particular attention to gender differences …