Using data for 91 large banks from 45 countries, this paper finds few differences in the extent, type, and pricing of SME loans across foreign, private, and government-owned banks, even though different bank ownership types apply different lending technologies and have different organizational...

In this paper we focus on two issues. First, we examine whether firms in a thirty country sample finance long-term and short-term investment similarly. Second, we investigate whether perceived differences in the efficiency of the legal systems and in financial institutions across countries are...

This paper finds that lending by state banks is less procyclical than lending by private banks, especially in countries with good governance. Lending by state banks in high-income countries is even countercyclical. On the liability side, state banks expand potentially unstable non-deposit...